The line of code:

dotenv.config({
    path: "./env"
});

is used to load environment variables from a specific file using the dotenv package in a Node.js application.

Here’s a breakdown of what each part of this code does:

1. dotenv:
   • This is a package used to load environment variables from a .env file into process.env in a Node.js application. Environment variables are typically used to store configuration values such as database credentials, API keys, or other sensitive information.
   • The dotenv package allows you to keep these variables out of the source code and store them in a separate .env file.
2. .config():
   • This is a method provided by the dotenv package to load the variables from the environment file.
   • By default, dotenv.config() looks for a file named .env in the root directory of the project. However, you can specify a custom path to a different file.
3. path: "./env":
   • This option tells dotenv to load the environment variables from a specific file (./env in this case), rather than the default .env file.
   • The path ./env refers to a file named env in the current directory (./).